On Wolfgang Petritsch's "The EU must speed up its western Balkans enlargement"

Sir, 

Wolfgang Petritsch is absolutely right when he says that the European Union must speed up enlargement in the western Balkans. But I also think it is important to highlight the flip side of the coin. Integration can only succeed if these countries speed up their own national preparations and do their homework on what is required to be a member of the Union. This is not simply an internal exercise for individual states – although that is certainly necessary. It must also be undertaken in relation to their neighbours and in the region as a whole.

This is probably the most significant difference between the western Balkans and other countries with a troubled history prior to joining the Union, such as the example of Spain and Portugal mentioned by Petritsch. The Balkans experienced enormous conflicts over the last century and were often misused and exploited by the great powers. They now nevertheless have an opportunity to recover from their past and develop viable policies towards minority populations. Some countries have already done this; Croatia has an exemplary minority law and Macedonia has the Ohrid Agreement. But much more is still to be done and by more countries.

Wolfgang Petritsch is also correct in saying that the EU must make additional efforts. In this respect, the Commission’s recent communication is disappointing. Despite mention of many well-intentioned initiatives, it lacks a vision which could give new hope to the countries of the Balkans and new obligations to the EU member states.

In light of Slovenia’s presidency and the special meeting of foreign ministers, some of us here in the European Parliament proposed a "Ljubljana Process” to enhance the economic and social development of the region. It was to take into account the special conditions and needs of the western Balkans, including the requirement to extend and modernise material infrastructure, particularly transport and energy, and to enhance science, research and development. Development in the western Balkans should not be separated from the rest of the EU, so this regional initiative should be linked to the wider Lisbon Process. Stronger cooperation both within the region and with other EU member states would help all the countries of the western Balkans to take a big step forward. A sound economic base is always good for employment and social policy, but it is also a way to support reconciliation between neighbours. This is the best instrument to end nationalism and hatred.

The biggest obstacle to a comprehensive Balkan strategy at the moment is the self-isolation of Serbia. We have to show patience together with firmness to overcome this hurdle; Europe and its member states must not be blackmailed. However, we should leave the door open to renewed dialogue and Serbia’s eventual participation in building a new Europe.